記住這些可以讓你更快的記住和分析出單詞的意思
6 A, {2 r+ K1 [9 L0 ~1 k0 A" A& J0 H6 P( h. _7 K
( A) b* O7 ?& j+ D/ Z* C一.表示否定的前綴 # ?* A% g* `8 y# k( P! S2 _
1.dis-加在名詞、形容詞,動詞之前。
; L3 @" ^% K9 m8 i8 u( ddisadvantage(缺點)dishonorable(不光彩的)disagree(不同意) : S2 a. ]$ `; e7 P9 l0 k
2.in-加在形容詞,名詞之前 & l3 S$ f$ `1 ~/ {
incorrect(不正確的),inability(無能,無力),inaccurate(不準確的) % y* r, o- k# q; m
3.im-加在字母m,b,p之前 ) B7 h6 ` w( m: n5 V4 M
impossible(不順能的),impolite(不禮貌的),impudence(厚顏無恥)
$ u* @( g+ n1 {- V( ?5 d) N4.il-加在以1開頭的詞前
( r% b* |2 s: g- s0 uillegal(非法的),illiterate(文盲的,無文化的)illogical(不合邏輯的)
( Z% S8 t" l3 r5 r. B( Q9 {- }5.ir-加在以r開頭的詞前
% ?; G$ P7 _2 G% Y, ~irregular(不穩定的),irresistable(不可抵抗的),irresolvable(不能分解的,不能解決的) ! n; k: k( I- H: ]
6.un-加在名詞,形容詞,副詞之前
% l; C4 f' M! F% Vunfinished(未完成的)undoubted(無疑的)unemployment(失業) ( _! ?# r' Q% n6 m. }+ Z
7.non-加在形容詞,名詞前 " n/ j8 B0 g( w! Y9 y( ]
non-existence(不存在),non-essential(不主要的),non-electrical(非電的)
0 T9 s& p2 J; `8.mis-加在動詞、名詞之前 , N% w, Y$ i+ h# `: Z
misunderstand(誤解),misjudge(誤判),misleading(誤導),misfortune(不幸) % c6 Z( b7 `6 c$ y& D. q% L
9.dis-加地動詞之前 4 I' S6 O* o# a
disappear(消失),disarm(解除武裝),disconnect(失去聯繫)
0 g$ @! i, @ ~8 B- @% H: u f10.de-加在名詞,形容詞之前
V, [& j/ {3 Y- A$ e. Ldemobilize(遣散;使…復員) decolor (脫色, 漂白) . f" W5 f# h) {2 g: t
11.anti-加在名詞、形容詞之前 ; ?0 m L: }" w
anti-Japanese(抗日戰爭),anti-social(厭惡社會的,反社會的),antidite(解毒藥)
% Z* I$ ]0 v x. D [3 t12.counter-加在名詞、動詞前 % q) `8 w. O! b2 {- X( u
counterattack(反攻,反擊),counteract(抵抗,阻礙)counterrevolution(反革命)
/ S" {# S9 D, i: ?8 V, p二.表示「前before」的前綴
/ E4 Y; T: k' d8 _1.pre- ( I! I/ t% B9 J) \; W" L* H v
preconception(成見),pre-exsiting(先於……而存在的),pre-selection(選舉前的) preface(前言) ' o7 X- ]2 i3 g/ r( j' G
2.Ante-
" W! L' n" P9 g8 @% G% H$ Ganteroom(前室,接待室),antecessor(先行者,先驅者)
! k7 B8 {' N6 U! t& a. x$ `7 R3.Fore- 0 q$ y; U, \- v3 H$ x9 u
forehaed(前額),foreground(前景),foreman(工頭,領班),foresee(預見,先見),foretell(預言)
4 s( C6 w: L/ y- o7 @4.Pro- 5 Y( S5 v7 f) e3 P* J
programme(計劃),prologue(序幕)
- ]/ _/ M# m6 m$ V" J! V( z4 S/ A, l5.Ex- + ?9 f. L" R% d+ P; K/ e
ex-president(前任總統)ex-wife(前妻)
2 Q+ T, U2 W* ~. S! S* C6 w h三.表示「後-post」的前綴 ' P# f4 N+ l& z& t* P. o1 \7 v8 [: t; `
1.post-
3 R6 Z8 b2 E0 p0 L- {post-war(戰後),post-position(後置詞),postmeridian(下午)
5 e; G# J' Y- W2 ~! L/ B四.表示「低」、「下」的前綴 0 |1 _" {& V5 K X0 W$ r2 p( W
1.Hypo-
5 O" Z5 Y+ o- m6 b0 i; UHypocrisy(偽善,虛偽),hypothesis(假設),pypocholoride(次氯酸鹽) / z5 K. h6 `1 t6 P) m& X! U
2.Infra-
N" S2 T" H) W& WInfra-red(紅外線),infrahuman(低於人類的),infrasonic(亞聲的,次聲的)
( K" i% ^. x1 t8 |2 c: \3.Sub-
0 o- ?- z N( T( U! E6 W5 aSub-editou(副編輯),sub-way(地鐵),sub-conscious(下意識的),submarine(海下的),subtropical(亞熱帶的),subtitle(副標題)
- l- \ i: U- s4 n五.表示「回」、「再次」、「向後」的前綴 3 h: G5 ?9 R+ R ?
1.Re- 8 r; P( m* O1 `3 C' O) _
Refuel(給…加油),retranslate(再譯),reinforce(加強),reconstruct(重建),return(返回) / ?9 ~* P6 Z7 j+ ]! a! g4 h# s v
2.Retro- " x+ f; s3 b# g/ x% F' M( U" q
Retrograde(倒退的),retrospect(回顧) ; J+ Q! [8 j- |+ L0 e0 h
六.表示「共同」、「和」的前綴
( I- g/ ]: Y2 e" V6 v8 e& H1.Co-
* L+ J8 s# e: @1 n( m( \+ D$ e+ Sco-exist(共存),co-operate(合作),co-education(男女同校) + y @! Y1 i# R: @, C* y5 ?; h
七.表示「相互」、「之間」的前綴 7 D. p) D, F! Q' m1 h! F5 W/ b4 F; R
1.Inter-
2 O+ s) @% h4 h3 d, w8 H6 w. vInterchangeble(可互換的),interdipendert(互相依靠的),international(國際的),inter-national(交往) ' M! o( M" S/ R/ O
八. 表示「出」、「超出」的前綴
9 i# m: \) B% X; U: a) d1.Ec- ; L+ V3 V ]8 e/ i" }
Eclipse(蝕),ecstasy(狂想)
$ D) l: ]. B2 g8 j8 U6 [1 K% m2.Extra- 4 l$ O8 K: r. q' E0 s+ c$ a
Extraordinary(非凡的),extramural(校外的),extrasensory(超感覺的) 1 b: R$ h, W5 ^! _3 \
九.表示「超過」的前綴 # D8 }- L T+ X; O9 K
1.hyper-, preter-, super-, sur-, ultra- 7 }2 c6 p& c# ?
hyper-sensitive(過敏的),preterhuman(超人的) ) F- ^" w, `' |! v" v3 n
十.其它的前綴 ( { T$ T' _" H& f1 m
1.auto-自 9 p" w6 n* d/ f p
automatic(自動的),auto-autobilgraphy(自傳) ' p2 H( L/ L# X0 a' x# i( n
2.mal-壞,惡 * X3 f6 N+ b* U1 w& z
Malnutrition(營養不良),maltreat(虐待)
' ]# h9 s6 y9 W! H* O. g3.Micro- 2 p7 b9 h) x* S- A3 e+ M; E0 b5 Y7 \
Microscope(顯微鏡),microtome(切片機)
8 W* p5 n! E9 {3 R8 U% ]4.Tele-遠 ' G/ I d9 k6 n/ V" I
Telegram(電報),telephone(電話),telescope(望遠鏡)
$ Z! X6 p4 g8 @5 ^5.Demi-,semi-hemi-
' I8 ]3 h, A/ H% j& o5 bSemi-circle(半圓),hemisphere(半球),demilune(半月,新月) : V; n1 t! N; B9 Z7 K1 A
6.Uni-, mono-(單一, 單獨) 3 J" P8 l- G. E$ O" } t2 D
Monotone(單調),monologue(獨白),uniform(制服)
" Y" ^, S5 {6 h; _+ d' P7.Bi-,di-二
3 `( \# F5 [( X* NBiyearly(二年一次的),biweekly(二週一次的),dichloride(二氯化物)
! ]9 N3 A$ d( m! M5 c# [( v8.Tri-三 # A1 W0 v4 K: _+ ~8 M( l7 D
Triangle(三角),tripld(三角架)
- W+ T2 r4 E% Z# R1 ` W4 G9.Multi-多3 a, R* V/ l# m+ _5 a7 `
multi-colored(顏色多樣的),multi-national(多國的)
; v6 r* V! R5 c, k" T10.Poly –多
# A; [5 W q: IPolygon(多角形),polytomic(多原子的) / g9 X; f; Q4 H; g/ A) k# h+ k
11.Arch-首領 , Q& w, s8 O' M# L: `0 q/ W
archbishop(大主教),architect(建築師) . [7 G+ `" o/ |; p% A: b
12.bene-善,好 2 k: g! N+ p0 k( B% }
benefit(利益),benevolence(善意) % G n; g# i, ~+ Z
13.homo-同
& @* x: a/ U& l; K' D7 m4 z/ Xhomosexual(同性戀的),homograph(同形異義字)
( p" x3 T, C/ F; E; s14.neo新
/ T8 q, n$ S& d* |neo-colonialism(新殖民主義),neolithic(新石器時代的) 6 }% Z. }8 p2 B E" S" H
15.ortho-正確,直
, {9 s9 M4 ?4 ?1 m H* rorthogonal(直角的),orthodox(正統)
) _. ]( k: o( t& q; K: ~16.philo-摯愛 , z$ y! L* Z, K; u; F5 Y- ~
philosopher(哲學家) - m6 n- Y. g2 T
17.proto-原始 $ l; v( h. u9 S. B/ O8 D
protohydrogen(初氫),prototype(原型),protoplasm(原生質) _: t" v q: m( a
18.pseudo-假的, 偽的, 冒充的 + O% Q# L: v. S0 k* A# D
pseudonym(匿名),pseudo-communism(假共產主義)
R& i/ } x2 X1 F( s19.a-,ab-,abs-(只有在t,c之前)從,自 6 g6 \3 ]8 f8 V; H; o/ N$ O3 v* P, l& Y' X
avoid(避免),absent(缺少的),abstain(抑制),abstract(吸引)
% B: [9 D" U' e) L20.Apo-,aph-來自 ( q/ v- D% O9 x
apology(道歉,謝罪),apostle(倡言者,先驅) }8 T7 G' e) F
21.se-分離 3 X j" N& |6 Z3 g+ |
separation(分開),secure(安全的),sedition(煽動叛亂)
' ^ Y2 C4 D; ~2 W& u2 m22.para-防
; k% \7 H+ m# i0 [6 H& o1 x0 dparachute(降落傘),
- \! U0 V& _& _5 a U1 o* e23.omni-所有的,公共的 , L$ Q% `- w% {' ^
omnibus(公共汽車),omnipotence(萬能)
5 c U& o- W& }& z I' m2 t3 H24.pan-全,泛
$ g" C: _, P$ ]7 _& L; _Pan-American(全美的),pancean(萬靈藥),panorama(風景的全貌;萬花筒) 7 a5 K0 U1 z( _
25.panto-全 " M& Z. Z3 R: _/ B* e
pantisocracy(烏托邦大同世界),pantoscopic(視野廣大) + U: `+ {9 D8 {; f' x3 W# S
26.dia-通過,藉以 & `6 _2 `/ f8 z% B, j4 e& a
diagonal(對角的),diagnosis(診斷),dialogue(對話) # ^) Q# C# w# ?3 @% ^0 p! F: v' y
27.Per-通過,徹底,不利
% S- }: V5 `0 r3 \" Kperambrlate(走來走去),perfect極好的 , I. a3 Q1 M7 F+ I4 a
28.trans-通過,橫過 ) q/ |" U- ^4 a5 }4 _7 D4 A9 z) U8 N
transcript(抄本, 副本; 記錄),translation(翻譯),trxnsparent(透明的),transport(運輸),trans-plant(移植)
/ J5 ^3 ~) J S. L8 ?* I29.Com-,con-,cor-,col-共同,和,完全
4 I& `6 s$ p( ]. S; ?comment(評論),compile(編輯),correlation(相互關係),collect(收集),corruption(貪污腐敗),collaborate(合作,合著)
; p2 C* ^! O- l1 B" n: p. C# {30.syn-共同 0 d! x3 P& x' x: \3 j
synonym(同義詞),synchronization(同步),syntonic(諧振的),synthetic(人工的,合成的) / e' B+ }+ \9 D) h
31.meta-和,在……之後
/ U! N9 t2 C5 I+ A( E( a e" {* \5 imetaphor(比喻),metaphysics(形而上學)
, v: i& D2 r' W+ d) j32.Cis-在這一邊 3 M7 g& Y+ i4 i I8 m% K; {9 X6 N
cisatlantic(大西洋這邊的)
/ i5 r# A }/ G' {4 H33.pen-幾乎,相近 , \) ]0 ~. ?( c5 ]5 W) E1 b
peninsular(.住在半島上的居民,半島(狀)的, 形成半島的)
4 b- o) L( m( o R1 }+ @34.en-,em-往……裡,使……
* V8 N1 `3 n% K9 |& j! s4 S* wencamp(紮營),enable(使……能),endear(使……受喜愛),embrace(擁抱,抓住(機會))
' w: Q, \- H# a: G35.intro內在 5 `6 A( y2 D- g, r0 q" N
intracardiac(心臟內部的),intramolecular(分子內部的),intracelular(細胞內部的) " V5 W: `* X! J
36.intro-到……中
# |6 {3 r7 `* k# b' U1 Q+ kintroduce(介紹),introspect(反省,內省)
- Z8 J0 F& F* S( d5 E- a N9 b37.dys-壞 + o" j2 _+ D" l' s! x& }2 a. B
dyspepsia(消化不良),dysentry(痢疾)
+ P/ H: `; G' Q& i9 `3 s0 s38.Eu-優,美好 ' w, T! U( _& U4 x0 s
eulogy(頌詞),euphony(悅耳的聲音)
+ [. ?. k1 j2 i' Z. e$ v+ W39.ambi-,amphi-兩者
3 K, _& M0 M3 o2 @6 qamphibian(兩棲的),ambidextrous(兩隻手都很靈巧的;心懷二意的;非常靈巧的)
+ k" |! A) _/ n& | z$ e. J) F" i+ _40.penta-五
# L1 `( e% f3 R+ f5 s0 p+ h4 Spentagon(五角大樓),pentagram(五角星),pentameter(五步詩句)
( O, ]4 [+ V" c0 i" B. I41.sex-六 / \; Q+ g3 o: n8 m) m" j: p: y+ U
sexangle(六角),sexennial(六年一度的)
4 F, k9 y* g- s3 O# f42. sept-七 ! j7 Z- x0 d' _# H) I1 B, V
September九月(古羅馬的七月),septennial(七年一度) 7 ^1 W& X/ P0 B* n0 v' r& S
43.hepta-七 # e; H; `8 Q j- c" H J- ?; u
heptab(七個成套之物),heptagon(七角形) 2 p8 I7 O/ ]% w7 k) J) ?
44.octa-,octo,oct八 * @. p5 F& h9 b6 N2 Q2 |
octagon(八角形),octuple(八倍)October (十月) , y4 t1 c$ l3 I
45.nona-,ennea-九
% ?6 g/ d8 t1 q) Y) t' Knonagon(九角形),ennead(九個一組)
2 U+ ?' O9 `# Z2 k4 D, t) x46.deci-,deca-十 2 y& L: F+ Z: ]4 l) O, X
decimal(十進位的),decagramme(十克)
( U6 M0 Z& r( q8 H8 t( y- p47.centi-百 * f' A- `2 V$ v: O$ g! @1 x: t0 h7 R! }
centimeter(厘米),centipede(蜈蚣) % I8 B2 ?" F+ j" z, b. F# L$ O
48.milli-千
- F) s5 ]% ] ]5 } N- gmillenias(千年的),millimeter(毫米)
* `) x" R, X, O4 x3 R49.Kilo-千 + s9 h7 g {$ L" c
kilowatt(千瓦),kilometer(千米)
- Y1 {" @& g. x; R. Z後綴1 o8 G6 F4 L0 {: A& a2 w
1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意為:從事某種職業或參與某種活動的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例詞:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor
) v, x0 ` S5 c9 `3 d' @2.-let意為:小或者不重要的東西(small,unimportant things)例詞:booklet,leaflet,starlet 7 F; l7 w5 c# J* v2 @9 _
3.-ette意為:1)小的東西(small)例詞:cigarette 2)假的東西(imitation)例詞:leatherette 3)女性(female)例詞: usherette + Y: ]2 I; V/ ~ X
4.-ess意為:女性(female)例詞:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress 7 l) Q' V( z4 l, K
5.-hood意為:時期(status;etc.)例詞:boyhood,childhood,manhood
; C J3 b- T9 X$ ^" s6.-ship意為:才能,狀態,資格,品質等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例詞:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship
- K" _" i* {3 C- D* l5 | ?; k7.-ful意為:量(the amount which noun contains)例詞:cupful,handful, mouthful,spoonful 2 N: }1 _4 v# w4 a' V9 g4 Y I
8.-tion,-ion意為:1)狀態,行動等(state;action;etc.)例詞:action,oppression,possession,education,starva- tion 2)機構等(institution;etc.)例詞: organization,foundation
# e3 a, D* @4 z9.-ment意為:狀態,行動等(state; action;etc.)例詞:movement,enslavement,pavement 4 L& U! D) L( @
10.-al意為:動作(action)例詞:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal
; h% K* h9 ?# N$ d- D7 {2 j7 z6 z11.-age意為:程度,數量等(extent; amount;etc.)例詞:wastage,coverage, acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage
. `) G/ g; v9 V+ I3 a* T: k12.-ness;-ity(ty)意為:狀態,品質(state;quality;etc.)例詞:happiness, usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability
: z0 ^4 m8 }' q: u% [% V6 x13.-ism意為:道義,主義,學說等(doctrine of,practice of)例詞:idealism, impressionism,absenteeism,racism
1 y4 C$ v# S! r& D; G c# l1 M二、動詞後綴
7 C$ d3 r: a4 j1 ]常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
, E; K6 E* M5 ^4 p& C7 y# n# m3 [1.-ify意為:轉為,變為(to turn into,to make or become)例詞:beautify, diversify,simplify
) c. f& D) a1 W/ t% L6 d8 I2.-ize;-en意為:使……,變得……(to make or become ;to make into)例詞:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten , t9 S% z1 Z* M/ q
3.-ate意為:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例詞:originate, hydrogenate,validate,differentiate & m, j; y7 ]; k V* k" [
三、形容詞後綴:
6 \9 W8 X* j: C2 J; m' b3 M- z4 m常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
4 X- r4 a; J$ P v- S' E1.-ful意為:充滿,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例詞:useful,pitiful, hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful, fearful
: N3 f$ O. O* L/ P. \, U2.-less意為:沒有,無(without;not giving)例詞:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless - ?* v, P' }8 k( ]0 [
3.-ly意為:有……品質的(having the qualities of)例詞:beastly,manly, brotherly,friendly ; `5 Y( D* o- w+ b w5 \8 N
4.-like意為:像……的(like)例詞: childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like / }8 P* b$ z: l0 D* V
5.-y;-ish意為:像……一般的(somewhat like)例詞:meaty,sandy, silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish ( S3 U4 D; q2 @: \2 S# H( f" b2 E
6.-some意為:像……一樣的;引起……的;有……品質的(like;causing; having the quality of)例詞:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome
3 G) g4 R$ s/ z) w# N* L7.-able(ible)意為:能……的;可以……的(able to be ;capable)例詞: changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible
. k {( M: j% K8.-ed意為:有……的(having,etc.)例詞:wooded,pointed,moneyed, odd-shaped
8 L" D/ d% r) n2 ?9.-al意為:有……屬性的,……類型的(nature of,typical of)例詞:cultural,personal,regional,musical
" l( Q6 k8 }: Q( l; |. C' a8 O10.-ary(ory)意為:屬於……的,與……相連的(belonging to;connected with)例詞:revolutionary,imaginary, contradictory 8 W2 s F4 H5 \' Q* Z
11.-ous意為:富含……的;有……品質的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例詞:glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious $ T% y) r' i: y4 I0 s" m
12.-ic(ical)意為:……類的;屬於……的(typical of;belonging to)例詞: historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic $ J, K E7 t5 Q& N. @/ B. Z3 D
13.-ive意為:有……屬性的;有某種傾向的(having the nature or quality of;given or tending to)例詞:attractive, talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive ( }/ s) H& S6 H8 t, v. p) N/ @) s
四、副詞後綴 5 V- y: v! ^! f1 U" ]; x) A. i8 h
常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
3 R8 }' V- c. E: l# o0 d1.-ly意為:以……方式(in a...manner;etc.) ' d% n7 l; B' P# s: F& r" H/ t/ o
例詞:happily, boldly,attentive- ly,strangely
! c$ k) P" G' ^1 `2 B ^; P8 J' q2.-ward(s)意為:表示方式或動作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例詞:onward(s),backward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)
; G' w- Z- b8 G7 S3.-wise意為:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例詞:crabwise,clockwise2)就……而言(as
+ T% E. M* n: ^7 [far as ...is concerned)例詞:weatherwise ,educationwise
* H \- x' X9 l! }" L8 \有一個原因的單音節詞,結尾只有一個單音輔音,在加以元音後綴是,要雙寫這個輔音.例詞:run + er = runner hit + ing = hitting 9 V4 x% i) w" O1 ]! B( _
3 I2 H: C9 y2 W/ z( P |